Tag: computer network tutorial

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You can take this quiz online at http://www.net-intro.com/quiz/ When using a WiFi network to talk to the Internet, where does your computer send its packets? a) A gateway b) A satellite c) A cell phone tower32 CHAPTER 3. LINK LAYER d) The Internet Central Office How is the link/physical address for a network device assigned?a)…

3.5 Glossary-Chapter 3

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base station: Another word for the first router that handles your packets as they are forwarded to the Internet.broadcast: Sending a packet in a way that all the stations connected to a local area network will receive the packet.gateway: A router that connects a local area network to a wider area network such as the…

3.4 Summary-Chapter 3

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So now we have looked at the “lowest” layer in our four-layer architecture. And we have only taken a simple look at how the Link layer works. There are many other details that must be designed into a link layer like connection distance, voltage, frequency, speed, and many others. A key benefit of the layered…

3.3 Coordination in Other Link Layers

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Sometimes when a link layer has many transmitting stations and needs to operate at near 100% efficiency for long periods of time, the design takes a different approach. In this approach, there is a “token” that indicates when each station is given the opportunity to transmit data. Stations cannot start a transmission unless they have…

3.2 Courtesy and Coordination

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Because many computers are sharing the same radio frequencies, it’s important to coordinate how they send data. When there’s a crowd of people in a room, they can’t all talk at the same time or everything will be garbled. The same thing happens when multiple WiFi radios transmit at the same time on the same…

3.1 Sharing the Air

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When your laptop or phone is using WiFi to connect to the Internet, it is sending and receiving data with a small, low-powered radio. The radio in your computer can only send data about 300 meters, so your computer sends your packets to the router in your home, which forwards the packets using a link…

3 Link Layer

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The lowest layer of our Internet Architecture is the Link layer. We call it the “lowest layer” because it is closest to the physical network media. Often the Link layer transmits data using a wire, a fiber optic cable, or a radio signal. A key element of the Link layer is that usually data can…

1.8 Questions-chapter 1

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You can take this quiz online at http://www.net-intro.com/quiz/ What did early telephone operators do? a) Maintained cell phone towers b) Connected pairs of wires to allow people to talk c) Installed copper wire between cities d) Sorted packets as they went to the correct destination What is a leased line? a) A boundary between leased…

1.7 Glossary-Chapter 1

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address: A number that is assigned to a computer so that messages can be routed to the computer.hop: A single physical network connection. A packet on the Internet will typically make several “hops” to get from its source computer to its destination.LAN: Local Area Network. A network covering an area that is limited by the…

1.6 Putting It All Together

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So when we combine all this together we can understand the basic operation of today’s Internet. We have specialized computers called “routers” that know how to route packets along a path from a source to a destination. Each packet will pass through multiple routers during its journey from the source computer to the destination computer.…

1.5 Addressing and Packets

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In the early store-and-forward networks it was important to know the source and destination computers for every message. Each computer was given a unique name or number that was called the “address” of the computer. To send a message to another computer, you needed to add the source and destination address to the message before…

1.4 Packets and Routers

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in Education, General

The most important innovation that allowed messages to move more quickly across a multi-hop network was to break each message into small fragments and send each fragment individually. In networking terms, these pieces of messages are called “packets”. The idea of breaking a message into packets was pioneered in the 1960s, but it was not…

1.3 Early Wide Area Store-and-Forward Networks

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In the 1970s and 1980s, people working at universities around the world wanted to send each other data and messages using these computer-to-computer connections. Since the cost for each connection was so high and increased with distance, computers generally only had connections to other nearby computers. But if the computer that you were connected to…

1.2 Computers Communicate Differently

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